Temujin was born around 1162 in a Mongol tribe near Khentii Province near the Burhan Haldun mountain range, not far from the current capital of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, near the Onon and the Kherlen rivers. Folklore and legend state that Temüjin was born with a blood clot in his fist, an indication in the traditional Mongolian folklore that he was destined to become a great leader.
Temujin is the original name of the most feared mongol ruler - Genghis khan .
meantime, would it be possible for us to seek out ponniyin selvar's olai from naadi josiers of today...we do know his parents, siblings info etc....if so then we could get more dope on him from his horoscope..what says.
> meantime, would it be possible for us to seek out ponniyin selvar's > olai from naadi josiers of today...we do know his parents, siblings > info etc....if so then we could get more dope on him from his > horoscope..what says.
we have shreaded the pages bare by discussions on AK's assasination - but again many people could have benefitted from this deed - nandhini is out as she is pure fiction leaving
1) Pandya spies ( however we know that contrary to kalki's portrayal - Ravidasan and gang held high offices in chola rule under Uttama and hence cannot be called spies - more from the udayakudi inscription calling them as traitors or betrayers....)- so they were mere tools - objects - who hurled them !!!
2) Uttama/sembian madevi ( wrongfully denied the throne) - he did not bring any of the ultimately convicted gang to trial in his 15 years of rule. on the contrary gave them high offices. the kingdom was very much flourishing under his rule ( with PS and VT as generals possibly), built a lot of temples, converted a lot of brick temples to stone n other related endowments( would have provided lots of employment - pure Keynesian economics - the government was responsible for helping to pull a country out of a depression. If the government increases its spending, then the citizens are encouraged to spend more because more money is in circulation. People will start to invest more, and the economy will climb back up to normal.) Despite all this he had to give up his throne after 15 years - his descendants are not given the throne and it passes to PS line.....did something happen in the 15th year that proved something...or was it a compromise formula reached between PS and Uttama.
3) PS, Kundavai, Aniruddar combine - AK was war hungry - short tempered and could not be manipulated. we know that kundavai manipulated PS. from kalki's portrayal Kundavai seems to have no love lost for her elder brother ( she blames it on his horoscope).
Anirrudar - being a minister should have known of the plot, but maybe he let things be, for greater good....thinking PS will be next in line. afterwards when Uttama came he went off and came back when PS came on....
my vote would go for Uttama /sembian madevi combine using the services of ravidasan and co. something came up during the 15th year of uc rule, which made PS take over - since they were royality, he was just asked to resign and go..( or what exactly happened to him - we dont hear of him at all - was there a slient justice then) ... after a year PS went after the rest.
but again Udayar portrays Sembiyan Maadevi like a brooding witch - with all the black magic etc. kalki was much against these and infact in the kodikkarai episode he does provide scientific reasoning behind the kollivai peei...
Thanks Vijaya Kumar for an interesting & detailed analysis. Motivates me to read Nilakanta Sastri which I have been wanting to but not got around to do it . SR
if you are looking for answers to the AK assasination riddle - you wont find it there as well..thanks to the group postings i bought a copy ( a steal at inr 150 - but a pity that the UNiv has only a peon manning the stall - he couldnt even give me an ear when i asked him if he had any other works of the great man)
No not just to look for ans to AK's assasination. I have been planning to read the book for a better understanding of Chola history. You may get other works by him from Higginbothams or definitely Connemara library.
hi, spent half a day in higginbottams....its lost its past glory and the attendants were no better than the peon at Madras Univ.. since i live in singapore, connemara is out. have to scout in some of the local libraries here or on the net...vj
I envy you all. You have all the time in the world to read such great books. I should accept that I stopped reading a couple of years back. Heavy traveling and tight schedules to meet takes everything away from me.
Hey, Actually some important politician or one of the family members may invovled in this AK murder.Surely RajaRaja did know the truth.But not everyone in that period.
So Rajaraja like to close this chapter without the knowledge of others.If he published those information,he may thought it will be a blackmark of cholas. People in that period also comes to conclusion by guess only.Head of the kolaikara group might be silently punished by RR. This is the outer circle of the riddle. Now you may guess some real characters who could get profit by Ak's murder and we can filter from that.
Hi I think thats a poor excuse! SPS Travels a lot...still finds time to read I drive 180 miles everyday almost a madras vilupuram trip and I still find time to read!!like its 11.30 pm and I am typing this message So where theres a will theres always a way
Recently i had the good fortune of attending a seminar of Mr. Robin sharma ( author of the international acclaimed Monk who sold his Ferrari) - its another story that i first need to know how to get the ferrari.
But one of the few things he said was profound - he calls himself a professional distruber - in this role he does meet with quite a few top CEO's - he says he asks not to see their collection of Rolls royces, watches, antiques - but to see their library...
with the advent of the net, pdfs, ebooks and now podcasts - it does take only a small effort to get into the habit of arivu kozhumudal..
thanks to gokul, went back to KAN and read through - though we can argue on this - KAN was totally for the idea -that Uttama got rid of AK he quotes the following inscription (the choice of words may throw light ( along with the prev facts -ie that the acts of treason of ravidasan and co)
read from pages 157 onwards...
quote
udayarkudi inscriptions, plates say
"Aditya disappeared owing to his desire to see heaven. though his subjects, with a view to dispel the blinding darkness caused by the powerful kali ( sin), entreated arulmolivarma, he, versed in the dharma of the ksattra, did not desire the kingdom for himself even inwardly as long as his paternal uncle coveted his ( ie arulmolivarma's ) country"
Lovely usage of the words - desire ( while he talks of RRC) and covet ( when its with UC). also delicate use of the words 'even inwardly'
further KAn writes
pg 159
If this reading of the story of Uttama colas accession is correct, UC furnishes an instance, by no means unique in history, of selfish and perverse offspring born of parents distinguished for piety and right mindedness, and his rash and bloody self seeking stands out in striking contrast to the true nobility and statesmanship of the future rajaraja
How KAN writes these need to be studied but refer the reference to UC's parents - parents distinguished for piety and right mindedness - kind of clears sembian madevi ( contrary to what is portrayed in Udayar) and in tune with Kalki's characteristation of sembian madevi...
I'm very sure the following hypothesis would have been discussed here before: could RRC have been involved in the plot to assassinate AK? He had everything to gain from the murder. He could get a good name by appointing/letting others appoint Uttama, thereby diverting attention from him. RRC also knew that Uttama would be a puppet king and he could have all the control he wanted. Later on, when RRC came to power, he punished a few suspicious characters like Ravidasan.
Of course, this directly contradicts the picture of RRC as portrayed by Kalki. But, is it plausible? Kalki also portrays him as an ambitious young prince, who is shrewd and who could have pulled off something like the plot above.
Super conspiracy theory. Ive already bought this up and this theory has been trashed by this group. Im also of the opinion RRC is the ONLY person in that koottam who had the skill and intellect to pull of such a deed and he knew he could get away with it. We have all been brainwashed by Kalki to imagine RRC as a saint but there was no way he could have been like that and ruled that big an empire. He had to be ruthless and ambitious. There was no way he could become "Raja Raja" with AK still alive. AK would have become an even bigger conqueror if he had been alive. Of all the motives RRC's and Nandhini's seem the most probable. But Nandhini was present when AK was murdered and she is not that stupid!! That eliminates her. By the process of elimination RRC is the culprit. Mr.SPS referred a book which talks about this subject and has been virtually thrashed by historians. I think RRC as a murderer warrants a separate thread atleast in this group. This should be done atleast to eliminate him from future suspicions. There is no evidence on how AK was murdered so i dont think we can eliminate RRC.
I think the flaw in the theory is the process of elimination. If he had everything to gain why wait for 15 years, it is not 1 or 2. Nobody could foresee a period 15 years. And he has also led many war campaign where you could never tell you are going to come alive. If he had conspired why risk his life in the war for 15 years, he could have become directly become the king.
Yeah, there is nothing here to prove that RRC has not involved in the murder, just to state the contradiction in the argument.
please refer previous posts on ephigraphical evidences - RRC was a popular prince, the throne was served to him on a plate - but he let go - and their reading - especially of KAN. However keeping aside these, the options are
1. RRC consipires and kills AK - however, this argument is weak- since it would have been much easy for him to put the blame of UC, Ravidasan and co then and there - no tv, internet email then - he could have ensured swift execution, a few tom tommers annoucing to the public and that would have been it - why wait for 15 years
2. assume RRC and UC - are heading the two groups. both collude and bump AK. Both groups equally pitted - so inorder not to split the kingdom, RRC agrees to step aside with a compromise formula - that he will rule after Uc. But then the flaw is - UC would have gained more power during 15 years of rule and also RRC was away on so many battles - a 15 year time frame is too large for those days.. so why didnt UC blood line not follow him and why RRc was allowed to come to power after UC. ( again matter of contention - as Madurantaka - said be he son of Uc and held important adminstrative positions in RRC rule, is he the son on UC) - refer prev threads in the group on this.
3. assume UC bumped of AK. his faction more powerful than RRC - so RRc gives way, saying let bygones be bygones - lets not wash dirty linen in public - you rule, but after you i will be in - again weak argument on the succession issue. Uc ruled well - general peace and prosperity, temple building etc - must have got enough good will among the masses to ensure his lineage ruled. also could have made sure RRC fades away into insignificane.
4. Assume none knew who bumped off AK -UC and RRC both vie for the throne - both faction equally matched. hence rrc steps aside and since he thought it was pandya abuthivigal and goes after them. in between - RRC uncovers the plot that Uc and gang did it - UC is served an ultimatum, his family disowns him, but he is allowed to keep his honor intact - asked to accquit the throne and go away ( or bumped off). RRc assumes power and nails the rest of the conspirators.
there is another twist to this plot, which KAN seems to have ignored - RJC takes the coronation name of Madurantakan II, why would he do it - ie take the tranished name of the man who killed his own uncle.
5. Ravidasan and gang polish of AK on behalf of pandiyan. UC and RRc both innocent. however, none of the assasins are caught. Kundavai and Anirudhar fear for the life of RRC under these circumstances - hence put up UC to the throne - while RRC moves around freely and cleans up the country. find who the conspirators are - once they are exposed, he comes to power sending off UC to his pilgrimage and irai pani - gets the throne and convicts the gang..
nandhini is pure fiction - so discount her. The person who best fits your description of a power hungry, manipulator in PS is Kundavai
- she never wanted to let go of her 'chola' roots - meaning get married to an other clan
- RRC adores her and does what she bids - but not so with AK.
- She picks someone who is no way her equal ( in terms of status) why?
- possibly manipulates VD to do her bidding.
- kundavai bumps off AK, knowing she could manipulate RRC ( taking a tamil serial kind of thinking strain - even possibly VD comes to know, so she is forced to marry him. afterall it is said that the vanar kulam sides with those in power. refering to prof Jb's note that they served the pandyas once the chola power vanned.)
- Its stated that RRC epitomised Rama - so inorder to atone for his sins he goes on a self imposed exile - gives up power to UC.
- builds the big temple to appease the lord of his sins???
Hi Rahul rrc cannot be eliminated.but then there are many chances for him to be given the benefit of the doubt. 1. he was propably very young. thiru koviloor kalvettu. he was propably handling a rattle at the time his brother was murdered. 2. such an ambitious man wouldnt have waited for 14 years in the sidelines.either he would have finished uthama or vice versa.
aditya had many enemies. the list of those wanting to murder him could have been endless. venketesh
afterall it is said that the > vanar kulam sides with those in power. refering to prof Jb's note > that they served the pandyas once the chola power vanned.) >
a rastrakuta princess was the chief queen of rrc. was she kundavai's daughter, or sister in law?
> > aditya had many enemies. the list of those wanting to murder him > could have been endless. > venketesh >
Very true - seems to be the case with most ruthless warriors...
read this about genghis khan's death...
On August 18, 1227, during his last campaign against the coalition of Jin Dynasty and Western Xia, Genghis Khan died. The reason for his death is uncertain. The Galician-Volhynian Chronicle alleges he was killed by the Tanguts. There are persistent folktales that a Tangut princess, to avenge her people and prevent her rape, castrated him with a knife hidden inside her and that he never recovered. However other speculations for his death are that he fell off his horse, due to old age and physical fatigue; some contemporary observers cited prophecies from his opponents
welcome - further reading Udayar portrays Sembian Madevi as dying just as RRC does Boomi pooja for the big temple ---as already discussed based on this she died between RRC ascending the throne 984 and 989 ( RJC ascension 1014 - approx 26 years for building big temple)....it think there are more evidences of her surviving till atleast 1000-1001. quoting sps ...Sembian Madevi constructed Thiruvakkarai temple and the Vakkarakali is dated around 1001 AD...
regarding her husband - Gandaraditya - he was also known as Merkelundarulina devar - read on....
The Gangas of Talakkadu were great patrons of Jainism. One of the Ganga rulers with the title Prithvipati II was a contemporary of Parantaka Chola I. He figures in a copper plate of Parantaka Chola dated 931 CE. He also had the title Hastimalla. It is not unlikely he obtained the name Hastimalla from the Jaina acarya who also had the title Hastimalla. The Jaina acarya Hastimalla had a son named Prati-vadi-malla who figures as the last Acharya of the first part of the text Pratishta tilaka. The two Acaryas Hastimalla and Prati- vadi-malla were contemporaries of Parantaka Chola I. The next acarya mentioned by Nemicandra is Lokapalacarya. He must have been a contemporary of Parantakaâs son.
This information is corroborated by inscription in an extraordinary manner. Parantakaâs son Gandaraditya is mentioned in inscriptions as "The Chola who went to the West". He was celebrated as Sivajnana- cemmal a great Siva bhakta and one of the sacred hymns Thiruvisaippa was sung by him. An inscription from Jambai in North Arcot district is of interest in this regard. Gandaradityaâs queen was the famous Sembiyan mahadevi who renovated many Siva temples and consecrated several Bronze images of exquisite beauty. Thus Gandaraditya was known in the Saiva school as a great Saivite. However his title One who went to the West is not explained though occurs often. As Jain palli named Gandarditya perum Palli is mentioned it is not unlikely he leaned towards Jainism at certain stage of his life. The inscription reference to " One who went to the West" is confirmed by this text which says that the Chola king went to the West with the Jain teacher, Loka-pala-acarya. It was not known that what the term meant. It is seen from this text that the west is mentioned as West that is "Karnata desa". It is thus clear that Loka-pala-acarya went to Karnata desa with Gandarditya Chola that is in the middle of the 10th cent
....the whole dynasty seem bent in contriving situations to perplex later historians...
RRC, Kundavai, VD and Kalki will be turning in their graves if they happen to read their names bandied about in such a manner. I wish we solve this crime quickly and punish the guilty posthumously. 99% of the time, the simple and the obvious is the right solution.
no puthaikarathu ...only erikkarathu... so turning in the grave problem illai....even if they do, atleast will give you the location of their graves....
All said and done, I dont believe RRC could have committed such heinous crime of killing his own brother. I do not believe Sembian Madevi would have done so too.
Pandiya or Pallava angle cannot be dismissed. I have always been suspicious of Pallava parthibendra.
I agree. One must be careful when using constructs from foreign languages and cultures.
May I say or hope that the whole gang is reborn and become active members of our group. It will be nice to hear from the horse's mouth. Here, I go off again.
This is a wonderful group and am happy to be a member. Sampath
posting this interesting note for Prof JB from agathiar.
When I was working in the State of Kelantan in the East Coast of Malaya, I was posted to the General Hospital of the State capital called Kota Bahru. I was taking a very active part in politics, in religious activities and youth activities at that time. I was closely associated with ministers; I founded the Malaysia Hindu Sangam of Kelantan State and was its first president. I was the founder and co-ordinator of Tamil Youth Bell Club for the States of Trengganu and Kelantan. Anyone coming to Kelantan would make it a point to visit me and spend time with me, especially the Indian VIP's. One day I received a letter from one Swamiji about another Swamiji. He was from ThirukkuLambur. On the stipulated day, he arrived. But he was far from looking like a Swamiji.
He had a rugged and rustic look. He was wearing a silk jibba and eight mulza veshti. He had an angavasthram. His hair was grown upto the nape of his neck into a type of Baghavathar Crop. He had a thick bristling moustache. There were streaks of grey in his hair and moustache. He was tall and well-built. The complexion was dark. His eyes were large and bulging and his vision was divergent. He looked more like a Rasputin without beard. He looked like having arrived from some medieval times by a time-machine. He stayed in our house for more than a month. But this was the beginning of a friendship which lasted for several years. He made several trips from India and followed us to several places wherever we went. His name was Alzagu Ramaiyya. He said that he belonged to a branch of the Cholzas. In fact, he had a family name - 'Cholzagar'. He had a strange story to tell. When he was young, he was a rowdy. He used to play pranks. One day he was sleeping in a KaLi temple. He had a dream in which KaLi appeared and asked him to drink a small vessel of honey. She also wrote some atcharam on his tongue with Her Trisulam. Chenthamilz. The noteworthy thing here, is that, he was illiterate. When he received letters from India, he would ask one of us to read them for him. And somebody would have to write his letters for him. But yet, he sang songs and poems like a versatile poet. And he could speak in clear well-versed Tamil. He could give speeches in good Tamil. And he would speak about religion, spirituality, and ithihasas and puranas. So we named him 'The Kavirayar'. But he preferred to call himself by another name - 'Kalai Maa Muni'.
About the Kavirayar belonging to the Cholza clan.......
The Cholzas have a legendary history from the dim past. Manunidhi Cholzan, Sibi, and some others have a remote past. During the third Sangam, we come across Karikalan, NalangiLLi, NalangiLLi, an several others. Karikaalan's many descendants started several royal dynasties in India and South East Asia. They were dormant for 600 years. We come across KopperunchOlzan, and the father of Mangayarkkarasi wife of NerumARa Pandyan, and a few others.
The Cholzas were under the Pallavas. In the frequent wars waged by the Pallavas and the Pandyas, the Cholzas took sides. Then when both the overlords wore themselves out, the Cholzas took over from the Pallavas. Then they overcame the Pandyas and conquered a large territory. Thus the Imperial Cholzas came into being. RajaRaja and Rajendra belong to this line.
In 1216, Maravaraman Sundara Pandya I over-ran the Chola Empire during the rule of Kuloththunga III. Soon after the defeat, Kuloththunga died. His son RajaRaja III came to the throne. But during the war, he was imprisoned by his own feudatory, Kopperunjingga of Thirukkovaluur. Due to the intervention of the Hoysala emperor of Mysore, who happened to be RajaRaja's father-in-law, MS Pandya gave back the Chola Mandala to RajaRaja III. But something happened. So MS Pandya attacked again in 1246. Soon after that MSPandya died and two kings came to power in quick succession. They were weak. The Hoysala NaraSimha made use of this opportunity because by this time he had become the father-in-law of Maravarman Sundara Pandya II also. So he extended his territory from Mysore right across Coimbatore, Dindigal, and Tiruchi where he built a huge fortress at Samayapuram. Thus he craeted a Hoysala wedge in Tamilnadu, effectively separating the Cholzas in the north and the Pandyas in the south.
The last Chola emperor belonging to the Imperial Cholas was Rajendra III. He came to the throne in 1256 A.D. He was the son of RajaRaja III.
He defeated MS Pandya II in a war. But the Hoysala took the Pandiyan side this time, to prevent a revival of Cholziyan Imperialism. But Jatavarman Sundara Pandya, the greatest conqueror among the later Pandyas came to power in 1251.
He started on an expansionist policy and conquered Chera, Chola,Ceylon and the Telugu Choda territories and also got rid of the Hoysalas.
But JS Pandya died in 1268 and was succeeded by Maravarman Kulasekhara Pandya, the last of the Grand Pandyas.
There was a last major war in which Rajendra III allied himself with Hoysala Ramanatha, the son of Narasimha. But this grand alliance was totally defeated by MKPandya. This war took place in 1279. And that is the last that we hear of Rajendra III and the Cholas. There is a group of people belonging to a particular community. They claim to be the descendants of the Cholas. Until about 40 years ago, one of the families belonging to this community used to hold a symbolic coronation ceremony in the Chidhambaram Temple just as their fore-runners did.
The Kavirayar belongs to one of the kudis of this clan of people. They call themselves 'Cholzagar' which is occassionally used as a title.
He had the help of a deity who used to do his bidding. The deity carried a weapon called 'uLi' and used to ride a horse. I am concealing his name. This is a different deity. Not the one that you think. There were also other deities whom he would invoke at times. Also some spirits which would come to him when called. Normally he would apply high quality perfumes. He is seldom without them. But there were times when some bad odour would be around when he is involved in doing some 'kalzichchal' for somebody. But when he passes into the Kavirayar personality, he does not do all this type of work. It was in 1984. I was in a place called Kota Tinggi. The Kavirayar had come to a place called Malacca on his own. He was staying at someone's house. But his frequent pujais disturbed the household very much and they sent him to Kota T
Dear Vijay, The JB note on 'kAVIRAYAR' was quite interesting. For everything and for every incident we have no answer of proof. We have several such incidents happening in South India too but when you search for authentic sources, nothing we would get. And That is India. Dhivakar.