Karikal Cholan period was around 2nd AD. The period determined from the Silappathigaram and Pattinappaalai.
Puhar city grew up after Karikal Cholan escaped from Uraiyur and made it as capital city.
Kannagi&Kovalan, Madhavi&Manimegalai period was later to the Karikal Cholan.
Pandiyan Nedunchezhiyan was a prominent king who portrayed equal to Karikal Cholan but ended his fate by an ordinary thief. Definitely he would have achieved something as Cholas.
Karikal Cholan invaded srilanka as he marched to the himalaya as an empire expansion made habit for the Cholas.
Cheran Senguttuvan followed KKC and marched to the himalaya to bring holy stone and brought holy ganges water for the kannagi temple.
Rajendra Cholan followed KKC & CS the same route.
So it was the Cholas first dreamt for broader India and British accomplished that goal!
I have a dream of having separate "Uriayur" town. May be its look like a impossible task but many dreams happened true.
Ma. Po. Si dreamt of bringing back Tirutthani from Andra and he done it.
Nesamani dreamt of bringing back Kanniyakumari from Travangore and done it.
May be someone that "Uraiyur Meettan" on some days in future!
inland uraiyur was destroyed by a rain of sand and coastal puhar was destroyed by a tsunami what a co incidence? It was news to me that the kallanai was built to save puhar from floods. the cauvery is only around 25 feet wide in its last leg. ( when you cut it on the sirkali- karaikal road).so the river must have got narrower after building the kallanai. but I think sola nadu soru udaithu after the kallanai only (ample water thro out the year)
Apart from all this, Karikal PerumthirumavaLavan, had chosen Poompuhar, for also his trading purpose, the bazaar there seems to be very busy and there were many 24x7 shops. The bazaar was named NaaLangaadi, the day bazzar and ALangaadi, the night bazaar.
Poompuhar, made traders accessible to many interior places by boats, after paying sungam at Kaveripoompattinam.
The Pandian Nedunchezian, indeed achieved lot more, he is called Aryapadai kadantha Paandian Nedunchezian, he had waged a war against Aryas, in North India and gained victorious. He must have also been great as Karikaalan.
In Manimekalai, after the Kannagi has done with Madurai. MAdurai eritha Kali, will speak about the Greatness of Pandyas. She speaks high of this Pandya. This must be quite authentic, as Chera Prince, Ilango adigal has mentioned it.
Its not any xyz site, but BBC...from the same country from which the GREAT LIE was origniated. The Lie was published in 1000s of books in crores of pages for the past 150 years, but the truth is published in just a single page which the world will seldom notice. And we accepted the lie without questioning its authencity, but we are not ready to accept the truth.
Remembering Francois Gautier's words - Indians are the only race in the entire world who dont take pride of their past.
In the issue dtd 4/Nov of Thuqlak, Gurumoorthy had written an elaborate article. Shall try to scan and send the same.
But still the theory of continuity in Hinduism is missing as we are unable to zero in on the periods of some of the greats (for example: exact period of Adi Shankara is still a debatable one).
If Adi Sankara's period is 500~600 BC, then is there any proof in Thevaram regarding Adi Sankara's works.
I still remember 3 months back I raised the topic of Kanchi Mutt's activities regarding RRC/RJC's rule. Is there any evidence available to substantiate the prevalance of Kanchi Mutt during that period ?
I am sure some where in Copper plates or Kalvettukal mutt should have been referred (being the Sarvangna peetam of adi shankara). As a matter of fact, we have some reference regarding Ramanujar/Koorathalwar during Chola regime.
Dear Scholars, please give your valuable inputs regarding this.
Bimbisara, Ajathasathru, Prasenajith, Ashoka The Great (contemporaries of Gautama Buddha) (500~700 bc) Porus (fought against Alexandar) (around 300 bc)
I believe "mudhal and idai sangams" should be between (1000 bc ~ 1 ad)
Period of Ashoka, is not 500 BC, as Porus and Chandragupta Maurya were contemporaries, adn Ashoka being the Grand son of Chandragupta Maurya, it is around 200 BC.
It was during late years of Bindhusara or Early years of Ashoka's reigm, the Maurya's tried to invade the Tamil aNation to be driven of out by Chola, Ilanchetchenni.
The 'Idai' Changam was held at Kabaadapuram (near Kumari River) which was also south of present Kanya Kumari. Please follow this link for some info: http://www.madurai.com/sangam.htm
If Asoka's period has to be around 200 BC, then you mean to say Buddha' period to be also around 200 BC...... There seems to be some contradictory views with regard to this.
Buddha's year of birth has been traced to 623 BC (full moon day in the month of May)....
Now comes the real twist. Do we conform to the continuity theory to establish we have "records" and "proofs" and substantiate our claim of our history dating back to 11000 BC ?
Dear Muruga, I dont have a clear answer or proof to substantiate it. But let me ask you a question. You know about the recent 'Kadal Konthalippu' (tsunami). What records or proof would be left behind if huge tsunami strucks! I know this is not going to answer your question but I dont have more evidence on that right now. Lets dig into it. Who know we may get some precious information!
Please do not mistake me; I did not mean that you need to give the proof. My general query is whether do we have the proof. The proof what I intend here is some sort of documentation. The main problem with our Vedhas, Upanishads are that they were not properly documented (black and white). All the vedas,upanishads etc., are through Guru/Sishya paramparai only.
For example, Aandaal's period was dated precisely based on a verse in Thiruppavai. The information is in the verse starting with "pullin vaaikkeendaanai...." (I think its the 13th song), wherein a line says "velli ezhundhu viyazham urangitru". (Meaning Venus arises after Jupiter - which is a rare occasion and based on this they have traced Aandaal's period to be around 7th century AD).
Another example is dating of Mahabaratha (based on Solar Eclipse during Gurushethra war).
There has been lot of cross information like the above to substantiate our theories.
Sorry for any miscommunication which could have hurt you.
Megasthenes was a couple of centuries after the Buddha. I recall reading in the Arthashastra a mention of the kingdoms of the south but I doubt if there was any great detail there. It's quite amazing that we don't seem to have any actual evidence or historical "link' to those times.. really weird..
I still remember that I asked one more query regarding time period of Pari vallal and kadai ezhu vallalgal. My belief is that they should have been ruling Tamil land during 1000 bc to 1 ad. Correct me if I am wrong. (It is only my guess - dont ask me for proofs)
hai arun -Megasthenes (c. 350 BC-290 BC) was a Greek traveller and geographer. He was born in Asia Minor and became an ambassador sent by Seleucus I of Syria to the court of Sandrocottus (Chandragupta Maurya) of India.
His observations were recorded in Indica, a work that served as an important source to many later writers such as Strabo. He describes such features as the Himalayas and the island of Sri Lanka. He also described India's caste system.
this is what we read about him in wikipedia. i am not sure whther other texts will give us more details.
but we have had members report that the muvendar fought against alexander and atleast one pandya fought in mahabaratha( haiyaaa)
but truly folks we do not seem to have recorded history.
our patriotism apart , we all have aks the question
kal tondri man thondraa kaalaththil naam vanthomaa?
Exactly the point which I wanted to convey. We do not have convincing theory of continuity. Hence we can neither accept the theory of Max Mueller (that Aryans invaded India from Europe) nor recent BBC's writings that Max Mueller's theories are baseless.
There is a Tamil brahmi inscription in Mangulam near Madurai that talks about Pandian Nedunchelian. The period of this inscription is roughly 3rd century BC.
Some evidences are coming up these days.
Look for indirect evidence in works of Ptolomy, Periplus etc.,
-piranmalai( a paadal petra sthalam) is reputed to be the home town of pari. very close to Dr.Jaybees home town of singampunari. some fantastic fotos of that place in agathiyar group( I think) 2 things. pari is vanquished by the combined forces of the muvendar according to legend. so he had to be a contemprory. 2 kalki links the pari vallal legend to the malayaman and sambuvarayar fights. I think swetha has done a geneology of pari's clan. she should be able to tell us more.